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A brief review of genome editing technology for generating animal models

Haoyi WANG, Sen WU, Mario R. CAPECCHI, Rudolf JAENISCH

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第2期页码 123-128 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019309

摘要：

The recent development of genome editing technologies has given researchers unprecedented power to alter DNA sequences at chosen genomic loci, thereby generating various genetically edited animal models. This mini-review briefly summarizes the development of major genome editing tools, focusing on the application of these tools to generate animal models in multiple species.

关键词： animal model CRISPR genome editing TALEN ZFN

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The R&D of Flue Gas Pollutants Deep-Removal Technology for Coal-fired Power Plants

Xiao-lu Zhang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第4期页码 359-363 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015057

摘要： The flue gas pollutants deep-removal technology (DRT) focusing on PM removal is the prime method of further reducing pollutants emission from coal-fired power plants. In view of the four key technological challenges in developing the DRT, studies were conducted on a series of purification technologies and the DRT was developed and successfully applied in 660 MW and 1000 MW coal-fired units. This paper analyzes the application results of the demonstration project, and proposes a roadmap for the follow-up researches and optimizations.

关键词： coal-fired power plant pollutants emission reduction PM_2.5 flue gas pollutants deep-removal

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Carbon dioxide: a renewable feedstock for the synthesis of fine and bulk chemicals

TAMBADE, Sachin R. JAGTAP, Bhalchandra M. BHANAGE,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第2期页码 213-235 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0227-0

摘要： The syntheses of carbon dioxide (CO) based industrially important chemicals have gained considerable interest in view of the sustainable chemistry and “green chemistry” concepts. In this review, recent developments in the chemical fixation of CO to valuable chemicals are discussed. The synthesis of five-member cyclic carbonates , cycloaddition of CO to epoxides is one of the promising reactions replacing the existing poisonous phosgene-based synthetic route. This review focuses on the synthesis of cyclic carbonates, vinyl carbamates, and quinazoline-2,4(1,3)-diones reaction of CO and epoxide, amines/phenyl acetylene, 2-aminobenzinitrile and other chemicals. Direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate, 1,3-disubstituted urea and 2-oxazolidinones/2-imidazolidinones have limitations at present because of the reaction equilibrium and chemical inertness of CO. The preferred alternatives for their synthesis like transesterification of ethylene carbonate with methanol, transamination of ethylene carbonate with primary amine and transamination reaction of ethylene carbonate with diamines/-aminoalcohols are discussed. These methodologies offer marked improvements for greener chemical fixation of CO in to industrially important chemicals.

关键词： inertness CO phosgene-based synthetic quinazoline-2 4 equilibrium

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TIN2015-65515-C4-1-R) A preliminary version was presented at the 13th InternationalConference on Practical Applications of Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, June 3–4, 2015, Spain

J. A. RINCON,J. BAJO,A. FERNANDEZ,V. JULIAN,C. CARRASCOSA

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第4期页码 325-337 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500343

摘要： Human-agent societies refer to applications where virtual agents and humans coexist and interact transparently into a fully integrated environment. One of the most important aspects in this kind of applications is including emotional states of the agents (humans or not) in the decision-making process. In this sense, this paper presents the applicability of the JaCalIVE (Jason Cartago implemented intelligent virtual environment) framework for developing this kind of society. Specifically, the paper presents an ambient intelligence application where humans are immersed into a system that extracts and analyzes the emotional state of a human group. A social emotional model is employed to try to maximize the welfare of those humans by playing the most appropriate music in every moment.

关键词： Multi-agent systems Virtual environments Emotional agents

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Application of a Regional Kilometer-Scale Carbon Source and Sink Assimilation Inversion System (CCMVS-R)

Lifeng Guo,Xiaoye Zhang,Junting Zhong,Deying Wang,Changhong Miao,Licheng Zhao,Zijiang Zhou,Jie Liao,Bo Hu,Lingyun Zhu,Yan Chen,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.02.017

摘要： CO₂ is one of the most important greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the earth’s atmosphere. Since the industrial era, anthropogenic activities have emitted excessive quantities of GHGs into the atmosphere, resulting in climate warming since the 1950s and leading to an increased frequency of extreme weather and climate events. In 2020, China committed to striving for carbon neutrality by 2060. This commitment and China’s consequent actions will result in significant changes in global and regional anthropogenic carbon emissions and therefore require timely, comprehensive, and objective monitoring and verification support (MVS) systems. The MVS approach relies on the top-down assimilation and inversion of atmospheric CO₂ concentrations, as recommended by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Inventory Guidelines in 2019. However, the regional high-resolution assimilation and inversion method is still in its initial stage of development. Here, we have constructed an inverse system for carbon sources and sinks at the kilometer level by coupling proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) with four-dimensional variational (4DVar) data assimilation based on the weather research and forecasting–greenhouse gas (WRF–GHG) model. Our China Carbon Monitoring and Verification Support at the Regional level (CCMVS-R) system can continuously assimilate information on atmospheric CO₂ and other related information and realize the inversion of regional and local anthropogenic carbon emissions and natural terrestrial ecosystem carbon exchange. Atmospheric CO₂ data were collected from six ground-based monitoring sites in Shanxi to verify the inversion effect of regional anthropogenic carbon emissions by setting ideal and real experiments using a two-layer nesting method (at 27 km and 9 km). The uncertainty of the simulated atmospheric CO₂ decreased significantly, with a root-mean-square error of CO₂ concentration values between the ideal value and the simulated after assimilation was close to 0. The total anthropogenic carbon emissions in Shanxi Province in 2019 from the assimilated inversions were approximately 28.6% (17%–38%) higher than the mean of five emission inventories using the bottom-up method, showing that the top-down CCMVS-R system can obtain more comprehensive information on anthropogenic carbon emissions.

关键词： CCMVS-R Regional carbon assimilation system Anthropogenic carbon emissions CO2 POD 4DVar

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加强工程技术开发发展中国聚酯工业

蒋士成

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第3期页码 27-33

摘要：

文章叙述了世界和亚洲聚酯及涤纶工业技术发展状况和趋势，并对市场、产能、产量等进行分析和预测。对中国聚酯及涤纶工业作了相应的分析和预测，寻找与国外的差距。介绍了国内聚酯工业工程技术开发的情况以及具体做法和成功的经验，并提出建议。

关键词：聚酯技术发展市场建议

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FULL TIME-SPACE GOVERNANCE STRATEGY AND TECHNOLOGY FOR CROPLAND NON-POINT POLLUTION CONTROL IN CHINA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第4期页码 593-606 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023522

摘要：

Ensuring food safety while reducing agricultural non-point source pollution is quite challenging, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. Effective systematic strategies and comprehensive technologies need to be developed for agricultural non-point source pollution control at the watershed scale to improve surface water quality. In this review, a proposal is made for a full time-space governance strategy that prioritizes source management followed by endpoint water pollution control. The 4R chain technology system is specifically reviewed, including source reduction, process retention, nutrient reuse and water restoration. The 4R chain technology system with the full time-space governance strategy was applied at the scale of an administrative village and proved to be a feasible solution for reducing agricultural non-point source pollution in China. In the future, a monitoring system needs to be established to trace N and P transport. Additionally, new smart fertilizer and intelligent equipment need to be developed, and relevant governance standards and supportive policies need to be set to enhance the efficacy of agricultural non-point source pollution control.

关键词： 4R chain technology system agricultural non-point source pollution case study full time-space governance strategy

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A NEW APPROACH TO HOLISTIC NITROGEN MANAGEMENT IN CHINA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第3期页码 490-510 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022453

摘要：

● Progress on nitrogen management in agriculture is overviewed in China.

关键词： 4R technology food chain N management N use efficiency soil-crop system sustainable management

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R&D of the ground-coupled heat pump technology in China

Nairen DIAO, Ping CUI, Junhong LIU, Zhaohong FANG,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 47-54 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0080-3

摘要： The ground-coupled heat pump (GCHP) systems have been identified as one of the best sustainable energy technologies for space heating and cooling in residential and commercial buildings. In this paper, research on and development of the GCHP technology in China are summarized. New models are presented for efficient thermal analysis of ground heat exchangers, of which one- and two-dimensional solid cylindrical source models and their analytical solutions are devised to deal with pile ground heat exchangers. Analytical solutions are also derived for vertical and inclined finite line source models as well as for a groundwater advection model. Explicit solutions of a quasi-three-dimensional model can be used to better evaluate the thermal resistance inside boreholes. Studies on hybrid GCHP systems and the thermal response test in China are also commented.

关键词： ground source heat pump ground heat exchanger HVAC China

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6G关键技术研发竞争格局与应对策略

朱光旭 ,李洋 ,陈怿 ,柴姝奇 ,史清江 ,罗智泉

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第6期页码 9-17 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.06.002

摘要：

数字经济作为新的经济形态成为推动经济增长的重要驱动力，第六代移动通信（6G）与数字经济之间存在着互促和依存的关系，相应关键技术研发价值重大且国际竞争格局激烈。本文从无线技术、网络技术、安全技术3 个维度出发，系统梳理了6G关键技术研发的原理和发展现状，评估了我国在这些关键技术方向上的全球竞争力；具体技术方向包括无线人工智能技术、超大规模天线技术、太赫兹通信、智能反射面、通信感知一体化，分布式网络技术、“空天地”一体化组网技术、内生智能网络技术、算力网络技术，物理层安全技术、网络层安全技术、数据安全及隐私保护技术。研究建议，加速6G无线、网络、安全等核心技术产业化，以6G网络能力跨越式发展来服务未来业务需求；注重创新保障、产业支撑、扩大内需、人才保障，支持创新生态构建，形成6G产业发展保障支撑；与全球通信产业开展密切合作，积极参与6G国际标准制定，共同推动6G技术产业化。

关键词：第六代移动通信；数字经济；无线技术；网络技术；安全技术

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中国ADS 铅基反应堆设计与研发进展 Review

吴宜灿

《工程（英文）》 2016年第2卷第1期页码 124-131 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.01.023

摘要：

2011年，在中国科学院战略性先导专项“未来先进核裂变能——加速器驱动次临界嬗变系统”等项目的支持下，针对加速器驱动次临界系统和第四代铅冷快堆的技术发展目标和试验要求，完成了具有临界和加速器驱动次临界双模式运行能力的10 MW中国铅基研究堆CLEAR-I的概念设计，建成了KYLIN系列铅铋回路试验平台，并在此基础上开展了反应堆冷却剂技术、关键组件、结构材料与燃料、反应堆运行与控制技术等铅铋反应堆关键技术的研发。为验证及测试铅基堆关键组件和综合操作技术，正在开展铅合金冷却非核反应堆CLEAR-S、铅基零功率核反应堆CLEAR-0和铅基虚拟反应堆CLEAR-V的建设。

关键词：加速器驱动次临界系统中国铅基反应堆铅铋共晶技术研发进展

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Experimental study on saturated flow boiling heat transfer of R290/R152a binary mixtures in a horizontal

Xin ZOU, Maoqiong GONG, Gaofei CHEN, Zhaohu SUN, Jianfeng WU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 527-534 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0109-7

摘要： An experimental study on the saturated flow boiling heat transfer for a binary mixture of R290/R152a at various compositions is conducted at pressures ranging from 0.2 to 0.4 MPa. The heat transfer coefficients are experimentally measured over mass fluxes ranging from 74.1 to 146.5 kg/(m ·s) and heat fluxes ranging from 13.1 to 65.5 kW/m . The influences of different parameters such as quality, saturation pressure, heat flux, and mass flux on the local heat transfer coefficient are discussed. Existing correlations are analyzed. The Gungor-Winterton correlation shows the best fit among experimental data for the two pure refrigerants. A modified correlation for the binary mixture is proposed based on the authors’ previous work on pool boiling heat transfer and the database obtained from this study. The result shows that the total mean deviation is 10.41% for R290/R152a mixtures, with 97.6% of the predictions falling within±30%.

关键词： flow boiling heat transfer binary mixture R290/R152a

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Optimization of cellulase production using

Saravanan P, Muthuvelayudham R, Rajesh Kannan R, Viruthagiri T

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第4期页码 443-452 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1225-1

摘要： The potential of for cellulase production using pineapple waste as substrate has been investigated. A maximum cellulase activity of 9.23 U/mL is obtained under the optimum experimental conditions: pH (5.5), temperature (37.5°C), initial substrate concentration (3%), inoculum concentration (6.6 × 10 ?CFU/mL), and culture time (6 days). Box-Behnken design (BBD) statistical tool and genetic algorithm (GA) are used to optimize the process parameters. The BBD study of linear and quadratic interactive effects of experimental variables on the desired response of cellulase activity showed that the second order polynomial is significant ( = 0.9414). The experimental cellulase activity under the optimal conditions identified by the BBD is 9.23 U/mL and that by GA is 6.98 U/mL. This result indicates that the BBD model gives better result than GA in the present case.

关键词： cellulase pineapple waste Trichoderma reesei Box-Behnken design genetic algorithm

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Opinion: Agriculture Green Development

John R. PORTER

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第1期页码 117-119 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019315

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Design concepts of an aircraft wing: composite and morphing airfoil with auxetic structures

P R BUDARAPU,Sudhir Sastry Y B,R NATARAJAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第4期页码 394-408 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0352-z

摘要： This paper is categorized into two parts. (1) A frame work to design the aircraft wing structure and (2) analysis of a morphing airfoil with auxetic structure. The developed design frame work in the first part is used to arrive at the sizes of the various components of an aircraft wing structure. The strength based design is adopted, where the design loads are extracted from the aerodynamic loads. The aerodynamic loads acting on a wing structure are converted to equivalent distributed loads, which are further converted point loads to arrive at the shear forces, bending and twisting moments along the wing span. Based on the estimated shear forces, bending and twisting moments, the strength based design is employed to estimate the sizes of various sections of a composite wing structure. A three dimensional numerical model of the composite wing structure has been developed and analyzed for the extreme load conditions. Glass fiber reinforced plastic material is used in the numerical analysis. The estimated natural frequencies are observed to be in the acceptable limits. Furthermore, the discussed design principles in the first part are extended to the design of a morphing airfoil with auxetic structure. The advantages of the morphing airfoil with auxetic structure are (i) larger displacement with limited straining of the components and (ii) unique deformation characteristics, which produce a theoretical in-plane Poisson’s ratio of −1. Aluminum Alloy AL6061-T651 is considered in the design of all the structural elements. The compliance characteristics of the airfoil are investigated through a numerical model. The numerical results are observed to be in close agreement with the experimental results in the literature.

关键词： wing design aerodynamic loads morphing airfoil auxetic structures negative Poisson’s ratio

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标题作者时间类型操作

A brief review of genome editing technology for generating animal models

Haoyi WANG, Sen WU, Mario R. CAPECCHI, Rudolf JAENISCH

期刊论文

The R&D of Flue Gas Pollutants Deep-Removal Technology for Coal-fired Power Plants

Xiao-lu Zhang

期刊论文

Carbon dioxide: a renewable feedstock for the synthesis of fine and bulk chemicals

TAMBADE, Sachin R. JAGTAP, Bhalchandra M. BHANAGE,

期刊论文

TIN2015-65515-C4-1-R) A preliminary version was presented at the 13th InternationalConference on Practical Applications of Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, June 3–4, 2015, Spain

J. A. RINCON,J. BAJO,A. FERNANDEZ,V. JULIAN,C. CARRASCOSA

期刊论文

Application of a Regional Kilometer-Scale Carbon Source and Sink Assimilation Inversion System (CCMVS-R)

Lifeng Guo,Xiaoye Zhang,Junting Zhong,Deying Wang,Changhong Miao,Licheng Zhao,Zijiang Zhou,Jie Liao,Bo Hu,Lingyun Zhu,Yan Chen,

期刊论文

加强工程技术开发发展中国聚酯工业

蒋士成

期刊论文

FULL TIME-SPACE GOVERNANCE STRATEGY AND TECHNOLOGY FOR CROPLAND NON-POINT POLLUTION CONTROL IN CHINA

期刊论文

A NEW APPROACH TO HOLISTIC NITROGEN MANAGEMENT IN CHINA

期刊论文